Rancang Bangun Antena Log Periodic Dipole Array untuk Pengukuran Radiasi Elektromagnetik BTS
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Abstract
The Microstrip Antenna Log Periodic Dipole Array has been design and create as measuring device for electromagnetic field on base transceiver station (BTS). Before it use for measuring device, characterictics of antenna must be known from return loss and radiation pattern. The design of antenna has special specification which it use τ = 0.88 and σ = 0.12 as parameter. Material of antenna from FR 4 dielectric material as substrate and element from chopper. Measuring return loss with networ analyzer and radiation pattern in 3 m semi anechoic chamber at frequencies 850, 900, 1800, 2100, and 2300 MHz. The result of return loss from each frequencies is good because the values is below than -10 dB. Whereas the radiation pattern is directional type to each frequency. Frequency antena at 850 and 900 MHz, back lobes that exist in the radiation pattern generated sizeable value approaching the value of the main lobes. While in the 2100 MHz frequency, side lobes that is closer to the value of the main lobes. This is less than the maximum results, so that the antenna LPDA made pretty good use in the frequency of 1800 MHz and 2300 MHz.
Keywords : Microstrip antenna LPDA, return loss, and radiation pattern
Abstrak— Telah dilakukan rancang bangun antena mikrostrip log periodic dipole antenna (LPDA) yang akan digunakan sebagai alat ukur radiasi medan elektromagnetik pada base trransceiver station (BTS). Sebelum dijadikan alat ukur radiasi medan elektromagnetik BTS, karakteristik antena dilihat terlebih dahulu dari sisi return loss, dan pola radiasi yang dihasilkan. Desain antena LPDA menggunakan spesifikasi khusus dengan parameter τ = 0.88 dan σ = 0.12. Pembuatan antena secara mikrostrip dengan bahan dielektrik berupa FR4 sebagai substrat dan elemen antena berupa tembaga. Pengukuran return loss menggunakan network analyzer dan pola radiasi diukur di semi anechoic chamber 3 m di frekuensi operasi kerja BTS Indonesia (frekuensi 850, 900, 1800, 2100, dan 2300 MHz). Hasilnya pada setiap frekuensi nilai return loss yang didapat baik karena bernilai dibawah -10 dB. Sedangkan pola radiasinya yang dihasilkan berbentuk direksional pada setiap frekuensi. Pada frekuensi 850 dan 900 MHz back lobes yang ada pada pola radiasi yang dihasilkan cukup besar nilainya mendekati nilai main lobes. Sedangkan pada frekuensi 2100 MHz, side lobes yang ada mendekati nilai main lobes. Hal ini merupakan hasil yang kurang maksimal, sehingga antena LPDA yang dibuat cukup baik digunakan di frekuensi 1800 MHz dan 2300 MHz.
Kata Kunci : antena mikrostrip LPDA, return loss, dan pola radiasi
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