Sistem Informasi Petir (SIP) Dengan Metode Lightning Distribution (LD) di Wilayah Sumatera Barat
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Abstract
This paper mapped 200 locations of lightning strikes in West Sumatra province. Mapping the location of lightning strikes as part of Lightning Information System was designed with the method of Lightning Distribution (LD). To get the location of lightning strikes obtained from the calculation reflection of ionosphere method to determine the distance of a lightning strike from stations of lightning and methods of Magnetic Direction Finding (MDF) to get directions from the lightning strike. Direction data obtained processed to generate a lightning incident location, then that location will be displayed on Google Maps. After that in the process of Lightning Distribution method which is a form of lightning strike density mapping by using the "File Format" grid, where each grid was measured to be 1 x 1 km2 called the Local Density Flash (LFD). If there are multiple point strikes on the grid will change the color that is on the map fit how many number of strikes on the grid which is a Probabilistic computation Flash Density (PFD). The depiction of the scale of danger lightning in the form of variations color changes at the point where the bolt of green color represents the minimum number density of lightning strikes that contains a single point and the red color represents the maximum number density of strikes which contains more than ten points strike. Based on the color distribution of lightning strikes and Payakumbuh Agam area has the highest rate of lightning strikes in the study period.
Key words: reflection ionosphere, magnetic direction finding (MDF), lightning distribution, lightning information system, and google maps API.
Abstrak
Paper ini memetakan 200 lokasi sambaran petir di daerah Sumatera Barat. Pemetaan lokasi sambaran petir sebagai bagian dari Sistem Informasi Petir (SIP) dirancang dengan metode Lightning Distribution (LD). Lokasi sambaran petir diperoleh menggunakan metode refleksi ionosfer untuk mengetahui jarak sambaran petir dari stasiun pendeteksi petir dan metode Magnetic Direction Finding (MDF) untuk mendapatkan arah dari sambaran petir. Data arah kemudian diproses untuk menghasilkansuatulokasikejadianpetir, kemudian lokasitersebutakan ditampilkan pada Google Maps. Setelah itu di proses dengan metode Lightning Distribution yang merupakan bentuk pemetaan kerapatan sambaran petir dengan menggunakan “Format File grid”, dimana setiap grid diukur sebesar 1 x 1 km2 yang disebut dengan Local Flash Density (LFD). Jika terdapat beberapa titik sambaran pada satu grid akan merubah warna yang ada pada peta sesuai seberapa banyak jumlah sambaran pada satu grid yang merupakan perhitungan Probabilistic Flash Density (PFD). Penggambaran besarnya skala bahaya petir berupa variasi perubahan warna pada titik sambaran dimana warna hijau mewakili jumlah minimum kerapatan sambaran yang berisikan satu titik sambaran dan warna merah mewakili jumlah maximum kerapatan sambaran yang berisikan lebih dari sepuluh titik sambaran. Berdasarkan warna distribusi sambaran petir daerah Kabupaten Agam dan Payakumbuh memiliki tingkat sambaran petir tertinggi pada periode penelitian ini.
Kata kunci : refleksi ionosfer, magnetic direction finding (MDF), lightning distribution, sistem informasi petir, dangoogle maps API
References
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